This study assesses the impacts of two iterations of a large-scale nutritional intervention aimed at adolescent girls in India. Using a difference-in-differences strategy, we find that the first iteration reduced anemia by 2.4% but inadvertently increased school dropout rates by 7-8.5% and widened the gender gap in dropout rates between boys and girls. These adverse effects were linked to a component that conditioned additional supplements on being out of school. Heterogeneity analysis indicates that these effects were driven by families residing in villages without secondary schools and with low levels of maternal education. The second iteration’s updates mitigated these issues, showing no significant impact on dropout rates.